In order to thoroughly implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council on carbon peak and carbon neutrality, and accelerate the promotion of renewable energy substitution in various fields and industries, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development, the Ministry of Transport, the National Energy Administration, and the National Data Administration jointly issued the "Guiding Opinions on Vigorously Implementing Renewable Energy Substitution Action" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"). Now interpret the Opinion from four aspects.

1、 Background and significance of the introduction

The Third Plenum of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to improve the mechanism for green and low-carbon development and promote the construction of a green, low-carbon, and circular economic system. The Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Fully, Accurately, and Comprehensively Implementing the New Development Concept and Doing a Good Job in Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality require strict control of fossil energy consumption, implementation of renewable energy substitution actions, and continuous increase in the proportion of non fossil energy consumption. The Notice of the State Council on Issuing the Action Plan for Carbon Peak before 2030 proposes to vigorously implement renewable energy substitution and accelerate the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system. The "Implementation Plan for Synergistic Efficiency in Pollution Reduction and Carbon Reduction" jointly issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and the National Energy Administration proposes the implementation of renewable energy substitution actions.

The Opinion focuses on planning and constructing a new energy system, promoting high-quality development of new energy with greater efforts, and putting forward specific requirements for the safe and reliable supply of renewable energy, the steady and orderly replacement of traditional energy, as well as accelerating the application of renewable energy substitution in key areas such as industry, transportation, construction, agriculture, and rural areas. It is of great significance to accelerate the implementation of renewable energy substitution in various fields and industries, and to coordinate and promote the green and low-carbon transformation of the whole society.

2、 Overall requirements

《The Opinion is guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era，implement the new energy security strategy of "Four Revolutions and One Cooperation", clarify the basic principles of "coordinated planning, secure substitution, supply-demand coordination, orderly substitution, collaborative integration, diversified substitution, technology leadership, and innovative substitution".

The Opinion proposes that positive progress has been made in the replacement of renewable energy in key areas during the 14th Five Year Plan period, and the national consumption of renewable energy will reach over 1.1 billion tons of standard coal by 2025; The production and lifestyle of prioritizing the use of renewable energy in various fields during the 15th Five Year Plan period has basically taken shape. By 2030, the national consumption of renewable energy will reach over 1.5 billion tons of standard coal, providing strong support for achieving the 2030 carbon peak target.

3、 Main tasks

The Opinion proposes key tasks in three aspects: enhancing the safe and reliable substitution capability of renewable energy, replacing applications in key areas, and piloting substitution innovation.

One is to focus on enhancing the safe and reliable substitution capability of renewable energy. The Opinion proposes to comprehensively enhance the supply capacity of renewable energy, accelerate the construction of large-scale bases and nearby distributed development and utilization, promote the application of grid building technology, and develop green fuels, renewable energy hydrogen production, and comprehensive heating systems. In promoting the large-scale transmission, consumption, and utilization of renewable energy, the "Opinions" propose to accelerate the construction of supporting infrastructure, promote the coordinated development of grid and power sources, optimize power dispatch and control, strengthen the construction and upgrading of infrastructure such as thermal, gas pipeline networks, and hydrogen energy supply networks. In terms of strengthening the interaction between supply and demand, the "Opinions" propose to deeply tap into the potential of demand side resource regulation, and strengthen the demand side management of electricity in key areas such as industry, construction, and transportation. In terms of developing flexible resources, the "Opinions" propose to enhance the regulation capacity of the power system in a diversified manner, strengthen the application of flexible power sources, pumped storage, and new energy storage, and promote long-term thermal storage power generation, thermoelectric coupling, and utilization of medium and high temperature heat.

The second is to accelerate the substitution and application of renewable energy in key areas. In the industrial field, the "Opinions" propose to promote the green and low-carbon transformation of industrial energy consumption in a coordinated manner, guide the orderly transfer of industry to regions rich in renewable energy and capable of carrying resources and environment, strengthen the coupling development of industrial industry and renewable energy, promote the construction and application of industrial green microgrids, promote the utilization of low temperature heat in renewable energy, and explore the construction of integrated bases for wind solar hydrogen ammonia alcohol. In the field of transportation, the "Opinions" propose to accelerate the integration and interaction between transportation and renewable energy, build renewable energy transportation corridors, promote the construction of multi-functional integrated stations for light storage, charging and discharging, explore the development of electrified highways, encourage the application of electric ships and aircraft, and promote the application of sustainable aviation fuel and vehicle fuel. In the field of architecture, the "Opinions" propose to deepen the integrated application of renewable energy in buildings, prioritize the use of renewable energy in urban planning, construction, renewal, and renovation work, promote the installation of photovoltaic systems in existing buildings and the installation of photovoltaic systems in new factories and public buildings where conditions permit, promote the comprehensive electrification of new public buildings, and promote renewable energy heating and cooling according to local conditions. In order to promote the use of renewable energy to support rural revitalization and green development, the Opinion proposes to fully support the modernization of clean energy consumption in agriculture and rural areas, actively develop decentralized wind power and distributed photovoltaic power generation, accelerate the transformation and upgrading of rural energy infrastructure, and promote the use of renewable energy heating instead of coal burning according to local conditions. In order to promote the application of renewable energy in emerging fields such as data, the "Opinions" propose to coordinate the development and utilization of new infrastructure and renewable energy, promote the integration of 5G base stations, data centers, supercomputing centers, photovoltaics, heat pumps, energy storage, etc., support the development of green power direct supply and source grid load storage integration projects for new infrastructure, increase the proportion of new energy electricity consumption in strategic projects such as "East data West computing", orderly carry out green technology transformation of old base stations and "old small scattered" data centers, and promote the steady increase of renewable energy usage in new data centers year by year.

Thirdly, actively promote pilot projects for renewable energy substitution innovation. In response to new technologies, the "Opinions" propose to accelerate pilot applications, carry out pilot projects such as deep-sea floating offshore wind power, green direct power supply, hydrogen metallurgy, and hydrogen based chemical technology applications, and support parks, enterprises, large public buildings, etc. to carry out pilot projects for high proportion of new energy supply and use. In response to new business formats, the "Opinions" propose to promote the integration and innovation of business formats, promote cross industry integration between industry, transportation, construction, agriculture, forestry, and renewable energy, support the development and growth of new business entities such as digital energy, virtual power plants, and rural energy cooperatives, and encourage the innovation of business models that replace renewable energy with multiple varieties, fields, and forms.

4、 Guarantee measures

One is to improve laws, regulations, and standards, clarify the relevant rights, obligations, and legal responsibilities of various entities in the development and utilization of renewable energy, and incorporate the alternative use of renewable energy into the standard and normative system for green and low-carbon development in various fields. The second is to improve the mechanism of green energy consumption, using green certificates as the basic voucher for renewable energy electricity consumption accounting, strengthening the effective connection between green certificates and energy-saving and carbon reduction policies, and implementing the responsibility of consumption to key energy consuming units. The third is to implement financial support policies for science and technology, support the research and pilot application of key technologies for renewable energy substitution, and provide long-term stable financing support in accordance with the principles of marketization and rule of law. The fourth is to improve market mechanisms and pricing mechanisms, establish and improve trading mechanisms for renewable energy electricity markets, and establish and improve market mechanisms for renewable energy heating, biogas, and clean low-carbon hydrogen. The fifth is to deepen and promote international cooperation, advance the research and development of advanced technology and equipment for renewable energy applications in key fields such as industry, transportation, construction, agriculture, and rural areas, and promote the export of green certificates. Sixth, strengthen publicity and guidance, mobilize the whole nation to participate in renewable energy substitution actions, and promote residents to practice and promote green lifestyles.